Kev sib txuam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab muab tub lim xaiv
Cov hlau muab tub lim yuav tsum phim cov yeeb nkab qib hauv lub zog thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg kom cov hlau vuam, cua sov- cuam tshuam thaj chaw thiab cov hlau hauv paus coj ua ib yam khoom. Rau cov pa roj carbon steel kav xws li ASTM A106 lossis A53, qis -hydrogen electrodes lossis khoom hlau ntawm lub zog sib xws yog tus qauv. Rau cov qib qis- alloys xws li 15CrMoG lossis P11, cov muab tub lim yuav tsum nqa tib cov ntsiab lus chromium thiab molybdenum. Thaum cov khoom siv yeeb nkab txawv ntawm cov khoom haum, cov muab tub lim thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tsim nyog rau kev sib xyaw ua ke siv tiag tiag.
Ntug Npaj thiab haum-nce
Ntxuav lub ntsej muag sib koom ua ke: tshem tawm cov roj, roj, xeb, nplai thiab noo noo los ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov vuam kom ntev li 25 hli, vim tias cov kab mob ua rau cov porosity thiab hydrogen tawg.
Tshuab los yog zom cov zawj kom zoo: ib qho -V nrog 60-degree nrog lub kaum ntse ntse thiab lub ntsej muag ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2 mm yog qhov kev npaj rau phab ntsa thickness txog li 20 mm.
Tswj qhov sib txawv hauv paus: qhov sib txawv ntawm 2 mus rau 3 hli tso cai rau kev nkag mus hauv paus tag nrho yam tsis muaj yaj ntau dhau - los ntawm.
Tshawb xyuas kev sib raug zoo: qhov tsis sib xws ntawm ntau tshaj 1.5 hli ntawm lub bore tsim kev ntxhov siab thiab cov hauv paus tsis zoo; internal alignment clamps pab rau cov bores loj.
Preheating thiab interpass kub
Preheating qeeb tus nqi txias tom qab vuam thiab tiv thaiv nyuaj, tawg -rhiab microstructures. Kev xyaum ua haujlwm zoo rau cov pa roj carbon thiab qis - alloy seamless yeeb nkab yog:
| Cov khoom siv yeeb nkab | Phab ntsa Thickness | Hom Preheat |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon hlau (A106, A53) | Mus txog 19 mm | Tsis tas yuav tsum siab tshaj 5 C ambient |
| Carbon hlau (A106, A53) | Tshaj 19 mm | 50 - 100 C |
| Tsawg- alloy (P11, 15CrMoG) | Txhua phab ntsa | 150 - 200 C |
Interpass kub yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj li 250 C rau cov qib no, thiab lub preheat yuav tsum tau khaws cia nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov kev sib koom ib ncig, tsis yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw pib xwb.
Vuam txoj kev thiab Parameters
| Txoj kev | Kev siv yam | Hom Parameters |
|---|---|---|
| SMAW (zeeg) | Field welding, txhua txoj haujlwm | 3.2 hli electrode ntawm 90 - 130 A |
| GTAW (TIG) | Hauv paus hla, nyias phab ntsa, stainless | 2.4 hli muab tub lim ntawm 90 - 140 A nrog argon |
| GMAW / FCAW | Ntau lawm vuam, tuab phab ntsa | 1.2 hli xaim ntawm 180 - 260 A |
| SAW | Kav vuam ntawm loj diameters | High tam sim no, ib zaug lossis ntau- dhau |
Rau cov phab ntsa tuab, ntau- dhau ib ntu nrog cov hlaws hlaws thiab cov txheej txheem tswj qhov dav ua rau cov qauv zoo dua thiab qis dua qhov kev ntxhov siab ntau dua li cov hlaws dav dav.
Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab txais
Kev kuaj pom pom (VT) tom qab txhua qhov dhau los ntes slag, undercut, porosity thiab profile defects thaum lawv tseem kho tau.
Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob (RT) lossis kuaj ultrasonic (UT) txheeb xyuas cov suab nrov sab hauv ntawm kev sib koom ua tiav; Kev lees txais cov qauv ua raws li qhov project code, xws li ASME B31.3 lossis cov kev siv siab siv tau- cov qauv khoom siv.
Sib nqus particle (MT) lossis dye penetrant (PT) kuaj xyuas pom cov kab nrib pleb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tshav kub - cuam tshuam thaj tsam ntawm qis - alloy welds.
Kev ntsuas hardness ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab qis - alloy welds paub meej tias qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw raug cuam tshuam tsis dhau - hardened.
Sau cov welding tsis, consumable batch thiab inspector tus kheej rau tag nrho traceability ntawm cov pob qij txha tseem ceeb.
Kev Ntseeg Tsis Zoo
"Seamless yeeb nkab welds yooj yim dua vim tias tsis muaj seam." Seamless yeeb nkab tseem muaj tib yam kev sib koom ua ke; qhov tsis muaj ib lub seam ntev tsuas yog tshem tawm ib qho kev sib txawv.
"Preheating tsuas yog rau cov yeeb nkab tuab heev." ambient kub, tswj thiab cov khoom qib teeb meem; lub rooj cob qhia txias tuaj yeem ua rau cov phab ntsa tuab me ntsis tawg -sensitive.
"Lub weld uas zoo nkaus li zoo yog cia li suab." Qhov tshwm sim tsis ua pov thawj nkag mus; tsis yog- kev kuaj xyuas puas yuav tsum tau ua rau lub siab- khaws cov pob qij txha.
FAQ
Q1: Lub kaum sab xis yog dab tsi rau vuam seamless steel yeeb nkab?
A: Ib qho -V zawj nrog 60-degree nrog lub kaum ntse ntse, lub ntsej muag 1.5 txog 2 hli thiab 2 mus rau 3 hli hauv paus qhov sib txawv yog qhov kev npaj rau cov phab ntsa txog li 20 hli.
Q2: Thaum twg yuav tsum tau preheating rau carbon steel yeeb nkab?
A: Feem ntau rau phab ntsa thickness siab tshaj 19 hli, nyob rau hauv txias ambient tej yam kev mob, los yog rau siab -restraint pob qij txha; cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas qhov ntsuas kub.
Q3: Dab tsi muab cov hlau siv rau ASTM A106 GrB yeeb nkab?
A: Tsawg-hydrogen electrodes xws li E7018, los yog cov khoom siv hlau uas muaj zog tensile tsawg kawg nkaus, yog cov qauv xaiv.
Q4: Qhov twg tsis yog -kev kuaj puas yog nyiam rau cov yeeb nkab welds?
A: Kev ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob muaj ntau rau nws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub suab sab hauv; Kev kuaj ultrasonic yog nrawm dua thiab feem ntau siv rau cov phab ntsa tuab, thiab ob qho tib si ua raws li cov qauv kev lees paub ntawm txoj haujlwm code.
Q5: Yuav ua li cas weld tiv thaiv oxidation?
A: Shielding roj rau GTAW thiab GMAW, los yog electrode txheej rau SMAW, tsis suav nrog oxygen; rau stainless thiab titanium kav, argon rov qab -purging kuj tiv thaiv cov hauv paus hniav.
Q6: Dab tsi ua rau porosity hauv cov yeeb nkab welds?
A: Cov av, noo noo, roj lossis xeb ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke, tsis raug tiv thaiv cov roj ntws, lossis vuam hauv cov cua txias; Kev tu kom zoo thiab tiv thaiv tshem tawm feem ntau porosity.